Dementia (Clients)

Introduction

Dementia affects memory, attention, communication, and emotional well-being. While challenges vary by stage, structured activities can promote engagement, maintain independence, and support caregivers in providing meaningful interaction. This program draws on evidence-based activities tailored to cognitive domains and varying levels of decline, helping seniors remain mentally and emotionally active.

Key Cognitive Domains and Activities

1. Memory Support

Spot the Change, Number Gym, Picture Recall, Matching Tasks. Benefit: Improves recall of names, routines, and familiar objects.

2. Attention and Processing

Main Idea Extraction, Identifying Differences, Task Prioritization. Benefit: Builds focus, concentration, and the ability to complete tasks without distraction.

3. Language and Communication

Word Recall Games, Story Sequencing, Reading Aloud. Benefit: Strengthens clarity, vocabulary, and conversational skills.

4. Emotional and Social Engagement

Emotion Matching Cards, Roleplay Conversations, Storytelling with Photos. Benefit: Reduces isolation, reinforces empathy, and strengthens bonds with caregivers.

5. Sensory and Spatial Awareness

Shadow Matching, Dot Sequencing, Puzzle Assembly, Shape Sorting. Benefit: Improves navigation, spatial confidence, and safety awareness.

Program Levels of Difficulty

Level 1 (Mild Cognitive Decline): Simple matching activities, reminiscence games, and photo recall.
Level 2 (Moderate Cognitive Decline): Sequencing tasks, auditory processing activities, and multi-step instructions.
Level 3 (Advanced Support Needs): Real-life planning tasks, roleplay scenarios, and guided problem-solving.

Program Format

Digital Modules: Interactive and game-like online activities.
Caregiver-Guided Activities: One-on-one engagement for support and encouragement.
Timed Challenges: Activities that encourage focus and attention within a set period.
Adaptive Tasks: Difficulty levels that adjust to participant progress.

Sample Activities

Memory: Picture Recall, Spot the Change.
Attention: Dot Sequencing, Spot the Difference.
Executive Function: Calendar Planning, Sequencing Daily Routines.
Visual-Spatial: Puzzle Assembly, Shadow Matching.
Speech/Language: Word Recall Games, Guided Conversations.
Emotional Wellbeing: Emotion Recognition, Storytelling with Photos.

Tips for Caregivers and Therapists

Keep sessions short (5–10 minutes per activity).
Adjust difficulty according to the participant’s ability and energy levels.
Celebrate effort and engagement, not just outcomes.
Alternate between individual and group activities for variety and stimulation.

Conclusion

This dementia care program integrates structured activities that target memory, attention, communication, and social engagement. By progressing through levels of difficulty and incorporating both individual and group-based formats, the program empowers older adults to remain engaged, confident, and supported. Regular practice helps preserve independence, dignity, and quality of life for seniors living with dementia.